German.
German is a crazy language to learn.Zum Beispiel:
Nachdem Sushi in der Bibliothek gelernt hatte, ging sie ins Zimmer ihres Freunds.
After Sushi had studied in the library, she went to her boyfriend's room.
Rules:
1)Nachdem = preprosition that demands the tense Plusquamperfekt - past perfect.
2)Nachdem = preprosotion that requires verb order reversal - the direct verb has to be the last word in the sentence. In this case it is 'hatte' - 'had'.
3)Past participle is always at the back - 'gelernt'.
Thus normally, wihout 'nachdem', the sentence reads
Sushi hat in der Bibliothek gelernt.
Sushi has studied in the library.
4)Ging = past tense of 'gehen' - 'to go'.
5)In der Bibliothek - because Sushi stays in the libary to study, the noun takes on the dative case after the preprosition 'in': der Bibliothek = the library in dative. The normal form (nominative) = die Bibliothek (gender = female).
6)Ins Zimmer: because Sushi has to move to her boyfriend's room, the noun takes on the accusative case after the preprosition 'in': ins Zimmer = in das Zimmer. Normal form = das Zimmer (gender = neuter).
7)Ihres Freunds: because the room belongs to the boyfriend, the second noun has to take on the genitive case: ihres Freunds (her boyfriend's). Normal form = ihr Freund (her boyfriend: gender = male).
German has 3 genders:
Male (der), Female (die), Neuter (das) + Plural (die)
4 noun cases:
Nominative (der/die/das/die), Accusative (den/die/das/die), Dative (dem/der/dem/den), Genitive (des/des/der/der).
In English, all these der/die/das/den/dem/des = 'THE'.
And articles like ein (a), kein (no), sein (his), ihr (her), and adjectives all complicate matters...
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